- (Topic 3)
Female Australian Dunaiothhps [small, sap-sucking insects] create tent-like structures on the surface of leaves to protect themselves and their eggs and larvae from desiccation in the arid Australian climate. Bono and Crespi compared survival and reproduction of thrips that founded structures alone with those in groups of two or more individuals. They found that although per capita egg production fell with increasing group size, foundresses were more likely to survive and lay eggs in groups than when alone. Several studies of other species of nest-building insects have concluded that foundress associations are beneficial
to all parties. It is likely that the relative success of groups is at least in part accounted for by a reduction of energy use in the modification of a shared nest.
The author mentions "desiccation" primarily to

1. A. describe an environment suitable for one species* reproduction
2. B. characterize a stage in an insect species' developmental cycle
3. C. analyze an environmental challenge faced by some insect species
4. D. exemplify a changing feature of a particular climate
5. E. identify the purpose served by a particular behavior

Correct Answer: C

CORRECT TEXT - (Topic 2)

In the figure shown, what is the length of line segment BD ?

Solution:
5

Does this meet the goal?

1. A. Yes
2. B. No

Correct Answer: A

- (Topic 2)
r, t, m, and w are positive numbers.

1. A. Quantity A is greater.
2. B. Quantity B is greater.
3. C. The two quantities are equal.
4. D. The relationship cannot he determined from the information given.

Correct Answer: A

- (Topic 3)
Which of die following is a reasoning error committed by the argument?

1. A. It contuses being the first to discover a method of achieving a certain goal with being the first to publish that method.
2. B. It treats a condition that is necessary* to achieve a certain goal as though it were sufficient to achieve that goal.
3. C. It supposes that if something is essential to one way of achieving a certain goal, then it is essential to any way of achieving that goal.
4. D. It fails to distinguish adequately between methods of achieving a certain goal available at one time and methods of achieving that goal available at another time.
5. E. It claims that a person who did not originate a method for achieving a certain goal would not understand that method.

Correct Answer: C
In the margin of a manuscript, the seventeenth-century mathematician Pierre de Fermat stated a certain mathematical theorem and claimed to have a proof of that theorem, but did nol provide the proof. Now. after three hundred years, a proof of the theorem lias been given. But since this proof depends on mathematical ideas not developed until the twentieth century, it is not likely that Fermat himself had a successful proof of the theorem.

- (Topic 2)

1. A. Quantity A is greater.
2. B. Quantity B is greater.
3. C. The two quantities are equal.
4. D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Correct Answer: A