- (Topic 3)
Which of the following IP packet header fields is the mechanism for ending loops at Layer 3?
Correct Answer:
C
The time-to-live (TTL) field is the mechanism for ending loops at Layer 3, which is the network layer of the OSI model. The TTL field is an 8-bit field that indicates the maximum time or number of hops that an IP packet can travel before it is discarded. Every time an IP packet passes through a router, the router decrements the TTL value by one. If the TTL value reaches zero, the router drops the packet and sends an ICMP message back to the source, informing that the packet has expired. This way, the TTL field prevents an IP packet from looping endlessly in a network with routing errors or cycles123.
The other options are not mechanisms for ending loops at Layer 3. The checksum field is a 16-bit field that is used to verify the integrity of the IP header. The checksum field is calculated by adding all the 16-bit words in the header and taking the one’s complement of the result. If the checksum field does not match the calculated value, the IP packet is considered corrupted and discarded12. The type field, also known as the type of service (TOS) or differentiated services code point (DSCP) field, is an 8-bit field that is used to specify the quality of service (QoS) or priority of the IP packet. The type field can indicate how the packet should be handled in terms of delay, throughput, reliability, or cost12. The protocol field is an 8-bit field that is used to identify the transport layer protocol that is encapsulated in the IP packet. The protocol field can indicate whether the payload is a TCP segment, a UDP datagram, an ICMP message, or another protocol12.
- (Topic 3)
Which of the following common agreements would a company most likely have an employee sign as a condition of employment?
Correct Answer:
A
An NDA, or non-disclosure agreement, is a legal contract that binds an employee to keep certain information confidential and not share it with unauthorized parties. This information may include trade secrets, intellectual property, business strategies, customer data, or other sensitive or proprietary information that gives the company a competitive advantage. An NDA protects the company’s interests and prevents the employee from disclosing or using the information for personal gain or malicious purposes1.
References1 - 10 Types of Employment Contracts | Indeed.com
- (Topic 3)
Which of the following would be used to enforce and schedule critical updates with supervisory approval and include backup plans in case of failure?
Correct Answer:
A
- (Topic 3)
Which of the following is the first step to troubleshoot a network issue?
Correct Answer:
A
According to the CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide, the first step in the troubleshooting process is to identify the problem. This involves gathering information, understanding the symptoms, and clarifying the exact nature of the issue before proceeding to other steps like establishing theories or testing them1.
References: 1: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide - Chapter 15: Network Troubleshooting Methodology2
- (Topic 3)
Which of the following types of data center architectures will MOST likely be used in a large SDN and can be extended beyond the data center?
Correct Answer:
D
The type of data center architecture that will most likely be used in a large SDN and can be extended beyond the data center is spine and leaf. Spine and leaf is a network topology that consists of two layers of switches: spine switches and leaf switches. Spine switches are interconnected to each other and form the core of the network, while leaf switches are connected to each spine switch and form the access layer of the network. Spine and leaf topology provides high scalability, performance, and flexibility for data center networks, especially for SDN (Software Defined Networking) environments that require dynamic traffic flows and virtualization. References: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 16; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 1-9.