- (Topic 1)
A pregnant woman at 36 weeks?? gestation is followed for PIH and develops proteinuria. To increase protein in her diet, which of the following foods will provide the greatest amount of protein when added to her intake of 100 mL of milk?

1. A. Fifty milliliters light cream and 2 tbsp corn syrup
2. B. Thirty grams powdered skim milk and 1 egg
3. C. One small scoop (90 g) vanilla ice cream and 1 tbsp chocolate syrup
4. D. One package vitamin-fortified gelatin drink

Correct Answer: B
(A) This choice would provide more unwanted fat and sugar than protein. (B) Skim milk would add protein. Eggs are good sources of protein while low in fat and calories. (C) The benefit of protein from ice cream would be outweighed by the fat content. Chocolate syrup has caffeine, which is contraindicated or limited in pregnancy. (D) Although most animal proteins are higher in protein than plant proteins, gelatin is not. It loses protein during the processing for food consumption.

- (Topic 2)
A couple is planning the conception of their first child.
The wife, whose normal menstrual cycle is 34 days in length, correctly identifies the time that she is most likely to ovulate if she states that ovulation should occur on day:

1. A. 14+2 days
2. B. 16+2 days
3. C. 20+2 days
4. D. 22+2 days

Correct Answer: C
(A) Ovulation is dependent on average length of menstrual cycle, not standard 14 days. (B) Ovulation occurs 14+2 days before next menses (34 minus 14 does not equal 16). (C) Ovulation occurs 14+2 days before next menses (34 minus 14 equals 20). (D) Ovulation occurs 14+2 days before next menses (34 minus 14 does not equal 22).

- (Topic 4)
A 2-year-old child will undergo a cardiac catheterization tomorrow to evaluate his ventricular septal defect. Based on his developmental stage, the nurse:

1. A. Uses pictures to explain the procedure to the child and his parents that evening
2. B. Explains the procedure using simple words and sentences just before the preoperative sedation
3. C. Asks the parents to explain the procedure to the child after she explains it to them
4. D. Asks the parents to leave the room while the preoperative medication and instructions are given

Correct Answer: B
(A) A toddler is not capable of conceptualizing about the inside of his body and is concerned about body intactness; therefore, diagrams would not be useful. Also, the previous evening is too far from the procedure for the toddler to remember the instructions.
(B) A simple explanation the morning of the procedure is the best developmental strategy to use, because it focuses on the toddler??s need for parental support, body intactness, and short attention span. (C) A relationship between the nurse and the child needs to develop. Also, misinformation may be given to the child if the parents explain the procedure to the child. (D) The parents are the child??s support system and need to be there to strengthen the child.

- (Topic 5)
A female client plans to bottle-feed her newborn. Her physician has ordered bromocriptine (Parlodel) to suppress lactation. Which of the following instructions about bromocriptine should be given by the nurse?

1. A. Bromocriptine stimulates the production of prolactin.
2. B. Hypertension is a primary side effect.
3. C. Bromocriptine is generally taken for 5 days.
4. D. Her blood pressure must be stable before starting bromocriptine.

Correct Answer: D
(A) Bromocriptine inhibits the secretion of prolactin. (B) Hypotension is a side effect of this drug; hypertension is not. (C) Bromocriptine is generally taken for 14 days. (D) The administration of bromocriptine is delayed at least 4 hours postpartum and given only when the client??s blood pressure is stable, because it can cause hypotension and syncope.

- (Topic 4)
Children often experience visual impairments. Refractive errors affect the child??s visual activity. The main refractive error seen in children is myopia. The nurse explains to the child??s parents that myopia may also be described as:

1. A. Cataracts
2. B. Farsightedness
3. C. Nearsightedness
4. D. Lazy eye

Correct Answer: C
(A) Cataracts are not considered refractive errors. Cataracts canbe described as opacity of the lens. (B)Hyperopiais the term forfarsightedness. One can see objects at a distance more clearlythan close objects. (C)Myopiais the term for nearsightedness.Objects that are close in distance are more clearly seen. (D) Lazyeye refers to strabismus or misalignment of the eyes.